Journalist Legal, Social & Cultural Professionals

The techniques for getting information out of people by asking the right questions in the right way and to make them feel comfortable.

Recommended Books

2 books

Mastering Interview Skills: A Comprehensive Guide

Dr. Amrapali Chawla Sapra

2025

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Interviewing

Gail Sedorkin, Amy Forbes

2023

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Legislation describing the protection of the rights of original authors over their work, and how others can use it.

The set of structural rules governing the composition of clauses, phrases, and words in any given natural language.

The rules concerning the way words are spelled.

Recommended Books

2 books

Spell It Out

David Crystal

2013

Does Spelling Matter?

Simon Horobin

2013

Preview

The guidelines on how to deal with and report on privacy, children, and death according to impartiality, and other standards.

The different techniques to write a story such as the descriptive, persuasive, first person and other techniques.

Apply the rules of spelling and grammar and ensure consistency throughout texts.

Build contacts to maintain a flow of news, for example, police and emergency services, local council, community groups, health trusts, press officers from a variety of organisations, the general public, …

Consult relevant information sources to find inspiration, to educate yourself on certain topics and to acquire background information.

Reach out to and meet up with people in a professional context. Find common ground and use your contacts for mutual benefit. Keep track of the people in your personal …

Edit and adapt work in response to comments from peers and publishers.

Follow current events in politics, economics, social communities, cultural sectors, internationally, and in sports.

Interview people in a range of different circumstances.

Participate in meetings with fellow editors and journalists to discuss possible topics and to divide the tasks and workload.

Keep up with the trends and people on social media such as Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram.

Carry out effective research on relevant topics to be able to produce summary information appropriate to different audiences. The research may involve looking at books, journals, the internet, and/or verbal …

Use writing techniques depending on the type of media, the genre, and the story.

Schedule and respect tight deadlines, especially for theatre, screen and radio projects.

The various software for editing and generating audio, such as Adobe Audition, Soundforge, and Power Sound Editor.

Recommended Books

1 book

Digital Audio Editing Fundamentals

Wallace Jackson

2015

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The creation of documents using page layout skills on a computer. Desktop publishing software can generate layouts and produce typographic quality text and images.

Recommended Books

1 book

Basics of Designing - Desktop Publishing

Bittu Kumar

2020

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The market in which shares of publicly held companies are issued and traded.

Recommended Books

2 books

How the Stock Market Works

Michael Becket

2025

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Beginner Guide to the Stock Market

Jamie Thomson

2020

The origins, history and development of the dance styles and forms used, including current manifestations, current practices and methods of delivery in a chosen dance style.

Recommended Books

1 book

Dance Styles

Rafael Montero, AI

2025

Preview

The procedures involved in conducting a succesful political campaign, such as the specific research methods, promotional tools, liaising with the public, and other strategic aspects concerning the organising and conducting …

Recommended Books

1 book

The Routledge Handbook of Political Campaigning

Darren Lilleker, Daniel …

2024

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The art of discourse that aims at improving the ability of writers and speakers to inform, persuade or motivate their audience.

Recommended Books

1 book

The Art of Discourse

Henry Noble Day

2023

Th legal rules, constitutions and regulations applicable for the punishement of offenders.

The purpose, organisation and management of cultural projects and related fundraising actions.

The methods, procedures and techniques pertaining to the operation of multimedia systems, usually a combination of software and hardware, presenting various types of media such as video and audio.

The ideas and principles that political parties stand for and the politicians representing them.

Possess an understanding of different sporting events and conditions that can affect a result.

The information regarding latest results, competitions and events in the sporting industry.

The different literary genres in the history of literature, their technique, tone, content and length.

The regulations concerning the procedures during elections, such as voting regulations, campaign regulations, which procedures candidates must follow, how votes are counted, and other electoral procedures.

Recommended Books

2 books

The Oxford Handbook of American Election Law

Eugene D Mazo

2024

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Routledge Handbook of Election Law

David Schultz, Jurij Top…

2022

Preview

The laws concerning the licensing of books and the freedom of expression in all products of the media.

Recommended Books

2 books

The UK Media Law Pocketbook

Tim Crook

2022

Preview

Media Law

Jacob Rowbottom

2024

The theoretical, historical, and critical approaches to films. This includes the narrative, artistic, cultural, economic, and political implications of cinema.

Recommended Books

1 book

A Level Film Studies

Sarah Casey Benyahia, Jo…

2025

The pronunciation techniques to properly and understandably pronounce words.

Recommended Books

1 book

Comprehensive Guide to English Communication & Soft Skills

Mr. Amith Kottayi

2024

Preview

Tax legislation applicable to a specific area of specialisation, such as import tax, government tax, etc.

Recommended Books

1 book

The Communicator's Guide to Media Law and Ethics

Mark Pearson

2023

Preview

The history of art and artists, the artistic trends throughout centuries and their contemporary evolutions.

The legal rules that govern how corporate stakeholders (such as shareholders, employees, directors, consumers, etc) interact with one another, and the responsibilities corporations have to their stakeholders.

The regulations which are in place during the investigation of a court case and during a court hearing, and of how these events occur.

Economic principles and practices, financial and commodity markets, banking and the analysis of financial data.

Financial rules and procedures applicable to a certain location, whose regulatory bodies decide on its jurisdiction

The set of national and international regulations for hygiene of foodstuffs and food safety, e.g. regulation (EC) 852/2004.

Quality and range of raw materials, half finished products and end products of a specific food sector.

The study of the physical, biological, and chemical makeup of food and the scientific concepts underlying food processing and nutrition.

The characteristics, use and operations of various software products such as computer programmes and application software.

The different organisations involved in law enforcement, as well as the laws and regulations in law enforcement procedures.

The body of artistic writing characterized by beauty of expression, form, and universality of intellectual and emotional appeal.

Different musical styles and genres such as blues, jazz, reggae, rock, or indie.

The different musical instruments, their ranges, timbre, and possible combinations.

The body of interrelated concepts that constitutes the theoretical background of music.

Art and practice of creating aesthetically appealing images by recording light or electromagnetic radiation.

The systems of government, the methodology concerning the analysis of political activity and behaviour, and the theory and practice of influencing people and acquiring governance.

The rules and regulations of sport games such as football, soccer, tennis, and others.

The background history of players and athletes and the history of sport events and games.

Recommended Books

3 books

Sports Media History

John Carvalho

2020

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Routledge Handbook of Sport History

Murray G. Phillips, Doug…

2021

Preview

Games People Played

Wray Vamplew

2021

Preview

Change approach to situations based on unexpected and sudden changes in people's needs and mood or in trends; shift strategies, improvise and naturally adapt to those circumstances.

Adapt to different types of media such as television, movies, commercials, and others. Adapt work to type of media, scale of production, budget, genres within type of media, and others.

Identify the strengths and weaknesses of various abstract, rational concepts, such as issues, opinions, and approaches related to a specific problematic situation in order to formulate solutions and alternative methods …

Monitor and forecast the tendencies of a financial market to move in a particular direction over time.

Investigate trends in foodstuffs related to consumers preferences. Examine key markets based on both product type and geography as well as technological improvements in the industry.

Apply desktop publishing techniques and software to create page layouts and typographic quality text.

Attend exhibitions organised to enable companies in a specific sector to demonstrate their latest products and services, study the activities of their competitors, and observe recent market trends.

Check if the information contains factual errors, is reliable, and has news value.

Liaise via telephone by making and answering calls in a timely, professional and polite manner.

Create and upload news content for e.g. websites, blogs and social media.

Record, write, and capture answers and information collected during interviews for processing and analysis using shorthand or technical equipment.

Use scientific methods to research history and culture.

Use specialised software to edit video images for use in an artistic production.

Use different software products and techniques to process photographic negatives and adapt the images to the desired specifications.

Resize, enhance and retouche photographs, using airbrushing, editing software and other techniques.

Edit audio footage using a variety of sofware, tools, and techniques such as crossfading, speed effects, and removing unwanted noises.

Establish and maintain sustainable partnerships with cultural authorities, sponsors and other cultural institutions.

Maintain portfolios of artistic work to show styles, interests, abilities and realisations.

Identify personal financial objectives and set up a strategy to match this target in seeking support and advice when necessary.

Manage the financial and administrative side of writing including making up budgets, maintaining financial records, checking contracts, etc.

Ensure operative processes are finished at a previously agreed-upon time.

Monitor the possibility and development of political conflicts in specific contexts, such as in or between political parties, governments, or between different countries, as well as identifying its potential impact …

Observe political, economic and societal developments in the assigned country, gather and report relevant information to the relevant institution.

Edit various types of images such as analogue and digital photographs or illustrations.

Rearrange and edit video footage in the course of the post-production process. Edit the footage using a variety of sofware, tools, and techniques such as colour correction and effects, speed …

Present arguments during a negotiation or debate, or in written form, in a persuasive manner in order to obtain the most support for the case the speaker or writer represents.

Present live on political, economic, cultural, social, international or sport events, or host a live broadcast program.

Market one's own strengths in terms of skills and knowledge.

Talk about your work at events and conduct readings, speeches and book signings; establish a network among fellow writers.

Read a text thoroughly, search for, review and correct errors to ensure content is valid for publishing.

Communicate information in written form via digital or print media according to the needs of the target group. Structure the content according to specifications and standards. Apply grammar and spelling …

Rewrite articles to correct errors, make them more appealing to the audience, and to ensure that they fit within time and space allotments.

Adjust lens apertures, shutter speeds and camera focus.

Deal with people in a sensitive and tactful way.

Master foreign languages to be able to communicate in one or more foreign languages.

Write captions to accompany cartoons, drawings, and photographs. These captions can be humorous or explanatory.

Write titles to accompany news articles. Make sure they are to the point and inviting.

Attend a variety of events, such as council meetings, magistrates' court proceedings, football matches, talent contests, press conferences and ask questions.

Attend fairs and events to get familiar with new book trends and to meet with authors, publishers, and others in the publishing sector.

Attend concerts, plays, and other cultural performances.

Critically reflect upon processes and outcomes of the artisitc production process in order to ensure quality of experience and/or product.

Prepare tools and developing and printing equipment. Develop and print exposed film using chemicals.

Direct and manage the daily activities of photographic workers.

Ensure that articles are consistent with the genre and theme of the newspaper, journal or magazine.

Follow the instructions of the director when covering events on location.

Liaise with actors, musicians, writers, and other celebrities to establish a good relationship with them.

Execute maintenance tasks to keep photographic equipment functioning properly.

Provide substantial context to national or international news stories to explain things in more detail.

Read unpublished articles thoroughly to look for errors.

Read the latest book releases and give your opinion on them.

Record all the information necessary for proper record maintenance during court hearings, such as the people present, the case, the evidence presented, the sentence made, and other important matters which …

Recording and mixing audio signals from different sound sources on a multi-track recorder.

Rewrite unpublished manuscripts to correct errors and to make them more appealing to the target audience.

Select appropriate photographic equipment and background properties, and adapt it according to subjects, materials, and conditions.

Choose the best position and orientation of the camera to capture the scene, along with other necessary equipment.

Study and internalise a culture that is not your own to truly understand its traditions, rules, and workings.

Test photographic equipment, tools and accessories.

Use analogue or digital camera equipment, along with a variety of accessories such as tripods, filters and lenses.

Watch films and television broadcasts closely and with attention to detail to give your objective view on them.